Childhood Experiences and Needs: Parental Goals, Mistakes, and Personality Traits and Their Adult Daughters’ Ability to Meet Their Needs
Abstract
Objectives of the research:. The purpose of this study was to determine whether women’s childhood experiences are related to their ability to meet their needs in adulthood.
Research methods: The survey was conducted online with a random sample of 402 women between the ages of 21 and 50. In order to answer the research questions, text mining algorithms and cluster analysis carried out by data mining algorithms were used.
A short description of the context of the issue: The ability to fulfill one’s needs is an important determinant of personal happiness, well-being and mental health The study examined whether women who had experienced fewer parental mistakes were better at meeting their needs, and whether there were intergroup differences between women who were more and less efficient at fulfilling their needs in terms of the personality traits their parents tried to mold in them during childhood and the personality traits that the women developed.
Research findings: The results revealed that women who experienced fewer parenting errors in childhood and whose parents tried to shape in them personality traits such as Stability (Alpha-Plus), Plasticity (Beta-Plus) and Integration (Gamma-Plus) indeed developed these traits and were more effective in fulfilling their needs in adulthood.
Conclusions and recommendations: Experiencing more parenting mistakes in childhood is associated with the development of unfavorable personality traits and lower competence in meeting needs in adulthood.
References
Costa, P. T. J., & McCrae, R. (1992). Four ways five factors are basic. Personality and Individual Differences, 13, 653–665.
DeYoung, C. G., Peterson, J. B., & Higgins, D. M. (2002). Higher-order factors of the Big Five predict conformity: Are there neuroses of health? Personality and Individual Differences, 33, 533–552.
Drakopoulos, S. A. (2008). The paradox of happiness: Towards an alternative explanation. Journal of Happiness Studies, 9(2), 303–315. doi:10.1007/s10902-007-9054-5
Elder, J., Hill, T., Miner, G., Nisbet, B., Delen, D., & Fast, A. (2012). Practical Text Mining and Statistical Analysis for Nono-structured Text Data Application. Oxford, England: Elsevier.
Greenberg, L. G. (2002). Integrating an emotion focused approach to treatment into psychotherapy integration. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 12(2), 154–189.
Gurycka, A. (1979). Struktura i dynamika procesu wychowawczego [The structure and dynamics of the upbringing process]. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Gurycka, A. (1985). Skuteczność wychowania w świetle badań psychologicznych 1976-1979 [Effectiveness of unbringing in light of psychological research, 1976–1979]. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego.
Gurycka, A. (1990). Błąd w wychowaniu [Parenting mistakes]. Wydawnictwa Szkolne i Pedagogiczne.
Gurycka, A. (2008). Błędy w wychowaniu [Mistakes in parenting]. In E. Kubiak-Szymborska & D. Zając (Eds.), O wychowaniu i jego antynomiach [On parenting and its antinomies]. Wydawnictwo WERS.Howe, M. L. (2000). The fate of early memories: Developmental science and the retention of childhood experiences. American Psychological Association.
John, St. Ashley, M., Oztahtaci, B., & Tarullo, A. R. (2018). Parental executive function and verbal ability matter for scaffolding. Journal of Family Psychology, 32(3), 406–411. doi: 10.1037/fam0000374
Kutter, P. (2000). Współczesna psychoanaliza [Contemporary psychoanalysis]. Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne.
Lester, D. (2013). Measuring Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Psychological Reports, 113(1), 15–17. doi: 10.2466/02.20.PR0.113x16z1
LeVine, R. (1974). Parental goals: Across-cultural view. Teachers College Record, 76, 226–239.
Maslow, A. H. (1964a). Religions, values, and peak-experiences. Ohio University Press.
Maslow, A. H. (1964b). Teoria hierarchii potrzeb [The hierarchy of needs theory]. In J. Reykowski (Ed.), Problemy osobowości i motywacji w psychologii amerykańskiej [Issues in personality and motivation in American psychology] (pp. 135–164). Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Millon, T., & Davis, R. (1996). Disorders of Personality: DSM-IV and Beyond (2nd ed.). John Wiley and Sons.
Millon, T. (2010). Using evolutionary principles for deducing normal and abnormal personality patterns. In T. Millon, R. F. Krueger, & E. Simonsen (Eds.), Contemporary directions in psychopathology: Scientific foundations of the DSM-V and ICD-11 (pp. 453–472). The Guilford Press.
Miner, M., Dowson, M., & Malone, K. (2013). Spiritual satisfaction of basic psychological needs and psychological health. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 41(4), 298–314. http://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1254
Nishimura, T., & Suzuki, T. (2016). Basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration in Japan: Controlling for the Big Five personality traits. Japanese Psychological Research, 58(4), 320–331. doi:10.1111/jpr.12131
Nowak, S. (2007). Metodologia badań społecznych [The methodology of social studies]. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Prince, D. L., & Howard, E. M. (2002). Children and their basic needs. Early Childhood Education, 30(1).
Şimşek, Ö. F., & Demir, M. (2013). Parental support for basic psychological needs and happiness: The importance of sense of uniqueness. Social Indicators Research, 112(3), 661–678. doi: 10.1007/s11205-012-0075-z
Strelau, J. (2001). Osobowość jako zespół cech [Personality as a trait structure]. In J. Strelau (Ed.), Psychologia. Podręcznik akademicki [Psychology: Academic handbook] (Vol. 2, pp. 525–560). Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne.
Strus, W., Cieciuch, J., & Rowiński, T. (2014). The circumplex of personality metatraits: A synthesizing model of personality based on the big five. Review of General Psychology, 18(4), 273–286. doi: 10.1037/gpr0000017
Szymańska, A. (2017a). Coping with difficulties in parenting situations – Parental control, obedience enforcement and directiveness. Studia Psychologica, 59(1), 3–21.
Szymańska, A. (2017b). Wykorzystanie algorytmów Text Mining do analizy danych tekstowych w psychologii [Use of text mining algorithms to analyze textual data in psychology]. Socjolingwistyka, 33, 99–116.
Szymańska, A., & Dobrenko, K. (2017). The ways parents cope with stress in difficult parenting situations: the structural equation modeling approach. PeerJ, 5: e3384. http://doi.org/DOI10.7717/peerj.3384
Winston, C. N. (2018). To be and not to be: A paradoxical narrative of self-actualization. Humanistic Psychologist, 46(2), 159–174. doi: 10.1037/hum0000082
Copyright (c) 2023 Agnieszka Szymańska, Joanna Świderska
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
- The Author/Authors agree(s) to publish the article free of charge in Multidisciplinary Journal of School Education in English or Spanish. The Editorial Board reserves the right to shorten the texts and change the titles.
- As part of free publication mentioned in § 1, the Author/Authors agrees to make the full electronic version of their article available in the Internet.
- The Author/Authors agrees to index their article in databases at home and abroad, including abstracts and keywords as well as Author's/Authors’ affiliation in English and in other languages. The Author/Authors agrees to pass on the information mentioned above to the owners of these databases.
- The Author/Authors declares that their publication is original and does not include borrowings from other works which might cause Publisher's responsibility, does not infringe the rights of the third party and that their copyright on this publication is not limited. The Author/Authors will incur all the costs and will pay compensations which might result from the mendacity of the following statement.
- The Author/Authors declares to bear complete responsibility for the scientific reliability of the article submitted. The detailed contribution of all co-authors is defined.
- The Author/Authors declares to publish the text in the Multidisciplinary Journal of School Education under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-ND 4.0).
- For more than one author, please complete the Authorship Contributions and send it to the editorial office. Please indicate the specific contributions made by each author (list the authors’ initials, e.g., JKH). Please download, complete, scan and attach the file in the system during the submission process.
Authors Statement - Authorship Contributions