Settlement on Lusignan Cyprus after the Latin Conquest
The Accounts of Cypriot and other Chronicles and the Wider Context
Abstract
In the article “Settlement on Lusignan Cyprus after the Latin Conquest: The Accounts of Cypriot and other Chronicles and the Wider Context” the narratives of various chronicles of the thirteenth to the sixteenth centuries on settlement in Cyprus in the years following the Latin conquest, from the end of the twelfth to the early thirteenth century, will be examined and compared. The details provided by the chronicles, where the information given derived from, the biases present in the various accounts, the extent to which they are accurate, especially in cases where they are corroborated or refuted by documentary evidence, will all be discussed. The chronicles that will be referred to are the thirteenth century continuation of William of Tyre, that provides the fullest account of the settlement of Latin Christians and others on Cyprus after the Latin conquest, the fifteenth century chronicle of Leontios Makhairas, the anonymous chronicle of ‘Amadi’ that is probably dateable to the early sixteenth century although for the section on thirteenth century Cypriot history it draws on earlier sources and the later sixteenth century chronicle of Florio Bustron. Furthermore, the Chorogra a and the Description of Stephen de Lusignan, two chronicles postdating the conquest of Cyprus by the Ottoman Turks in 1570, will also be referred to on the subject of settlement in thirteenth century Cyprus. By way of comparison, the final part of the paper examined the extent to which the evidence of settlement in other Mediterranean lands derives chiefly from chronicles or from documentary sources. In conclusion, it can be stated that the various accounts of settlement on Cyprus following its cession to King Guy of Jerusalem in 1192 show differences in terms of the value of the fiefs, the geographical regions from which the settlers came and the types of properties which were granted to them. The Latin kingdom of Jerusalem resembles Cyprus in that the source material for early Latin settlement is narrative, not documentary. But this is not the case for the Venetian Crete and the Hospitaller Rhodes, where the source materials recording the arrival of the first Latin settlers are wholly documentary.
References
Bustron Florio, „Chronique de l’ île de Chypre”, ed. Louis de Mas Latrie, Col lections des documents inédits sur l’ histoire de France: mélanges historiques V (1886).
„Chronique d’Amadi”, in Chroniques d’ Amadi et de Strambaldi, ed. Louis de Mas Latrie (Paris: Imprimérie Imperiale, 1891).
Chronique d’ Ernoul et de Bernard le Trésorier, ed. Louis de Mas Latrie (Paris: Societé de l’ histoire de France, 1871), 157.
„Eracles: L’ estoire de Eracles empereur et la conquest de la Terre d’ Outre- mer”, in Recueil des historiens des Croisades, Historiens occidentaux, 5 vols. 1844–1895, vol. 2 (1859).
Le cartulaire du chapitre du SaintSépulchre de Jérusalem, In Documents relatifs à l’histoire des croisades, ed. Geneviève Bresc-Bautier (Paris: L’Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 1984).
Lusignan Stephen de, Chorograffia et breve historia dell’ isola de Cipro princi piando al tempo di Noé per il fino al 1572 (Bologna: per Alessandro Benaccio, 1573).
Lusignan Stephen de, Description de toute l’ isle de Chypre (Paris: Chez Guil- laume Chaudiere, 1580).
Makhairas Leontios, Recital concerning the Sweet Land of Cyprus entitled ‘Chroni cle’, 2 vols., ed. and trans. Richard M. Dawkins (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1932).
Nielen Marie-Adélaïde, Lignages d’Outremer, introduction, notes et edition cri tique, Documents relatifs à l’histoire des croisades, XVIII (Paris: L’Académie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres, 2003).
Philip of Novara, Le Livre de Forme du Plait, ed. and trans. Peter Edbury (Nicosia: Cyprus Research Centre, 2009).
The Cartulary of the Cathedral of the Holy Wisdom of Nicosia, eds. Nicholas Coureas, Christopher Schabel (Nicosia: Cyprus Research Centre, 1997).
The Chronicle of Amadi translated from the Italian, trans. Nicholas Coureas, Peter Edbury (Nicosia: Cyprus Research Centre, 2015).
The Conquest of Jerusalem and the Third Crusade, Sources in Translation, trans. Peter Edbury (Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Ltd., 1996).
Barber Malcolm, The Crusader States (Yale: Yale University Press, 2012). Coureas Nicholas, „Provencal Trade with Cyprus in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries”, Epeterida Kentrou Epistemonikon Ereunon XXII (1996): 69–92.
Coureas Nicholas, „Profits and Piracy: Commerce between Cyprus and Cata- lonia from 1291 to 1420”, Epeterida Kentrou Epistemonikon Ereunon XXIII (1997): 27–55.
Coureas Nicholas, „The Migration of Syrians and Cypriots to Hospitaller Rhodes in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries”, in The Hospitallers, the Medi terranean and Europe: Festschrift for Anthony Luttrell, eds. Karl Borchardt, Nikolas Jaspert, Helen J. Nicholson (Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Ltd., 2007), 101–107.
Coureas Nicholas, „The Perception and Evaluation of Foreign Soldiers in the Wars of King Peter I of Cyprus: The Evidence of the Cypriot Chronicles and its Shortcomings”, The Medieval Chronicle 11 (2017): 108–126.
Edbury Peter, The Kingdom of Cyprus and the Crusades 1191–1374 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991, 19942).
Edbury Peter, „The Lusignan Regime in Cyprus and the Indigenous Population”, in Kingdoms of the Crusaders from Jerusalem to Cyprus, XX, ed. Peter Edbury (Farnham: Ashgate Publishing Ltd., 1999), 1–9.
Edbury Peter, „Ernoul, Eracles and the beginnings of Frankish Rule in Cyprus, 1191–1232”, in Medieval Cyprus, A Place of Cultural Encounter, eds. Sabine Rogge, Michael Grünbart (Münster: Waxmann Verlag GmbH, 2015), 29–51.
La continuation de Guillaume de Tyr (1184–1197), ed. Margaret Ruth Morgan (Paris: P. Geuthner, 1982).
Luttrell Anthony, „Settlement on Rhodes, 1306–1366”, in idem, The Hospitallers of Rhodes and their Mediterranean World (Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Ltd., 1992), 273–281.
Mas Latrie Louis de, Histoire de l’île de Chypre sous le règne des princes de la maison de Lusignan, vol. 2 (Paris: Imprimerie Impériale, 1852–1861).
McKee Sally, Uncommon Dominion: Venetian Crete and the Myth of Ethnic Purity (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000).
Prawer Joshua, „Burgage-tenure” in idem, Crusader Institutions (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1980, 19982), 250–262.
Richard Jean, „L’ abbaye cistercienne de Jubin et la prieuré Saint-Blaise de Nicosie”, in idem, Orient et Occident au Moyen Age: Contacts et relations (XXeXVe s.) (London: Variorum Reprints, 1976), 63–74.
Richard Jean, „L’ordonnance de décembre 1296 sur le prix du pain à Chypre”, in idem, Orient et Occident au Moyen Age: Contacts et Relations (XIIe–XVe s.) (London: Variorum Reprints, 1976, 19974), 45–51.
Richard Jean, „Un monastère grec de Palestine et son domaine chypriote”, in idem, Croisades et Etats latins d’Orient. Points de vue et Documents (London: Routledge, 1992), 61–75).
Riley-Smith Jonathan, The Feudal Nobility of the Kingdom of Jerusalem 1174–1277 (Basingstoke: Palgrave-Macmillan, 1973, 20022).
Copyright (c) 2021 Jesuit University Ignatianum in Krakow
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The Yearbook only accepts materials for publication that are free of all conflicts of interest, and that in no way involve conflicts over authorship, copyright, etc. The Editors will take action against any cases of plagiarizing, ghostwriting1, guest/honorary authorship2, etc. Where co-authored work is concerned, the Author listed first is expected to take responsibility for the submission, and is required to make clear the contributions of all of the Co-Authors involved. In the event of the publication owing its existence to funding dedicated to this purpose, this fact should be made clear: e.g. in any note of thanks/acknowledgement, or in a footnote, etc. Explicit notification should be given of any form of reprinting, with the appropriate evidence of permission to publish being furnished as required. Any impropriety on the part of Authors/Reviewers risks exposing them to appropriate responses from the relevant institutions.
______
1 This term refers to instances of a person who has made an essential contribution being omitted from the list of authors, or from notes conveying gratitude and/or acknowledgement.
2 This occurs when a person who has made either an insignificant contribution or no contribution at all nevertheless appears on the list of authors.
