Dalmatian Klapa

Transformation of the Phenomenon of Singing Together into a Cultural Product

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to present a product of the intangible cultural heritage of Croatia, namely klapsko pjevanje – a traditional polyphonic a cappella singing from central Dalmatia. The tradition of this singing dates back to the mid-19th century, and this form is constantly evolving. Dalmatian klapas, small groups of singers, represent a highly popular form of musical activity in Croatia that has long surpassed local boundaries, gaining popularity across the entire country. The songs performed by klapas have become a symbol of Croatian culture, rapidly transitioning from a regional folk form to a cultural product. An important role in this process was played by the “Dalmatian Klapa Singing Festival,” initiated in 1967 in the town of Omiš, where the evolution of the genre can be observed – from a traditional city song, sung by men to relax after work, to a festival and modern song, close to popular music. It is worth emphasizing that over almost two centuries of existence, klapsko pjevanje has not faded; on the contrary, it continues to develop and enjoys considerable popularity among both the local audience and tourists. The article highlights the phenomenon of “modernization” within the klapa singing, its form, singing style, readiness to changes such as: the introduction of musical instruments accompaniment – initially traditional, later also electronic, the formation of female and mixed groups, the commercialization of activities, and promotion in the media, including the internet.