Half a century of French Political intervention in Lebanon: Syrian and Iranian occupations as a threat to Lebanese statehood (1975-2025)

Half a century of French Political intervention in Lebanon: Syrian and Iranian occupations as a threat to Lebanese statehood (1975-2025)

  • CHRISTIAN TAOUTEL SAINT JOSEPH UNIVERSITY

Abstract

This article analyzes the evolution of French policy toward Lebanon from the civil war in 1975 up to the highly dynamic period of 2020-2025. It addresses a gap in scholarship by examining France not episodically but as a consistent actor across four phases: the Lebanese wars, the Pax Syriana, the period of Iranian/Hezbollah ascendancy, and the most recent era marked by regional escalation, the Gaza war, Israel-Hezbollah clashes, and Lebanon’s prolonged presidential vacuum. Using a comparative-historical approach with process tracing, it draws on UN documents, French statements, press archives, and secondary literature to map continuity and change. The findings highlight a recurring pattern: France privileged a state-centric, institution-oriented strategy, advancing sovereignty, reform, and accountability through legal and multilateral instruments rather than coercion. This approach, recalibrated in response to Syrian and later Iranian leverage, proved most effective when principles and instruments aligned and ambitions were adjusted to regional constraints.

Published
2026-06-30
How to Cite
[1]
TAOUTEL, C. 2026. Half a century of French Political intervention in Lebanon: Syrian and Iranian occupations as a threat to Lebanese statehood (1975-2025) : Half a century of French Political intervention in Lebanon: Syrian and Iranian occupations as a threat to Lebanese statehood (1975-2025) . Perspectives on Culture. 53, 2 (Jun. 2026), 27-46.
Section
Movement(s) and Identity