Przedstawianie chińskiej filozofii zachodnim czytelnikom – Lin Yutang jako tłumacz międzykulturowy

Słowa kluczowe: Lin Yutang, kultura chińska, przekład międzykulturowy, filozofia porównawcza

Abstrakt

W artykule rekonstruuję wybrane wątki refleksji Lin Yutanga, popularnego, zwłaszcza na Zachodzie, dwudziestowiecznego chińskiego myśliciela, tłumacza i redaktora, podejmowanej niejako na marginesie jego pracy na rzecz objaśniania i popularyzowania chińskiej kultury i filozofii na Zachodzie. Lin zastanawia się nad następującymi zagadnieniami, jak: W jaki sposób skutecznie, a jednocześnie trafnie opowiedzieć czytelnikowi wykształconemu w kulturze zachodniej, w jego własnym języku, o radykalnie obcej cywilizacji? Kto w ogóle może mianować samego siebie reprezentantem kultury chińskiej?

Jako autor dwujęzyczny Lin nader celnie ukazuje stan zawieszenia, stan bycia pomiędzy, charakterystyczny dla tłumacza międzykulturowego, który podejmuje próbę jednoczesnego poruszania się w obrębie dwóch niewspółmiernych, kulturowo zdeterminowanych schematów pojęciowych.

Biogram autora

Magdalena Filipczuk, Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie

Graduate of the Inter-Faculty Individual Studies in the Humanities and the Artes Liberales. Currently a PhD student at the Jesuit University Ignatianum in Krakow. Author of scientific articles on contemporary poetry, comparative philosophy, and interdisciplinary studies on literature and philosophy. Editor and translator of books for various publishers in Poland.

Bibliografia

Botz-Bornstein, T. (2006). Ethnophilosophy, Comparative Philosophy, Pragmatism: Toward a Philosophy of Ethnoscapes. Philosophy East and West, January, vol. 56, no. 1.

Chan, W. (1940). The Wisdom of Confucius by Lin Yutang. Pacific Affairs, 13(4), 483–487.

Chan, W. (1945). Laotse, the Book of Tao, The Wisdom of China and India by Lin Yutang. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 65(3), 210–211.

Chan, W. (1947). Lin Yutang, Critic and Interpreter. The English Journal, 36(1), 1–7.

Chan, W. (ed.) (1963). A Source Book of Chinese Philosophy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Ching, E. (1975). [A review of] Chinese-English Dictionary of Modern Usage (by Lin Yutang). Journal of Asian Studies, 34.2, 521–524.

Dallmayr, F.R., Akif Kayapınar, M., & Yaylacı, I. (eds.) (2014). Civilizations and World Order: Geopolitics and Cultural Difference. Lanham, Boulder, New York, Toronto, Plymouth, UK: Lexington Books.

Defoort, C. (2001). Is There Such a Thing as Chinese Philosophy? Arguments of an Implicit Debate. Philosophy East and West, vol. 51, no. 3.

Garfield, J.L. & Van Norden, B.W. (2016). If Philosophy Won’t Diversify, Let’s Call It What It Really Is. The New York Times (access: 10.12.2016).

Handler-Spitz, R. (2012). The Importance of Cannibalism: Montaigne’s Essays as a Vehicle for the Cultural Translation of Chineseness in Lin Yutang’s The Importance of Living. Compilation and Translation Review, vol. 5, no. 1.

Handler-Spitz, R. (2015). Chapter Seven: Collaborator or Cannibal? Montaigne’s Role in Lin Yutang’s Importance of Living. In S. Qian (ed.), The Cross-Cultural Legacy of Lin Yutang: Critical Perspectives. Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California.

Jakubczak, M. (2013). Komparatystyka na gruncie filozofii. Założenia, uprzedzenia i perspektywy. Archiwum Historii Filozofii i Myśli Społecznej, t. 58.

Janik, M. (2020). Imagining Immanent Causality: Depictions of Neo-Confucian and Spinozist Monism in the Works of Matteo Ricci and Pierre Bayle. Philosophy East and West. Published electronically November 5, 2020. DOI: 10.1353/pew.0.0206.

Jenco, L.K. (2007). What Does Heaven Ever Say? A Methods-centered Approach to Cross-cultural Engagement. The American Political Science Review, vol. 101, no. 4.

Jia, W. (2010). Chiglobalization? A Cultural Argument. In S. Guo & B. Guo (eds.), Chiglobalization. Greater China in an Era of Globalization. Lanham: Rowman.

Jia, W. (2017, Jun. 7). Now, globalization with Chinese characteristics – Analysis. Eurasia Review. Retrieved from: http://www.eurasiareview. com/07062017-now-globalization-with-chinese-characteristics-analysis.

Johnson, W.B. (1972). The Austrian Mind: An Intellectual and Social History 1848–1938. Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Jullien, F. (2000). Detour and Access. Strategies of Meaning in Greece. New York: Zone Books.

Laughlin, Ch. (2015). Chapter Two: Lin Yutang’s Unique Adoption of Tradition. In S. Qian (ed.), The Cross-Cultural Legacy of Lin Yutang: Critical Perspectives. Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California.

Li Ping (2012). A Critical Study of Lin Yutang as a Translation Theorist. Translation Critic and Translator. City University of Hong Kong.

Lin, Y. (1937). The Importance of Living. New York: Reynal & Hitchcock. Lin, Y. (1938). The Wisdom of Confucius. New York: Carlton House.

Lin, Y. (1944). The Wisdom of China. London: Michael Joseph Ltd.

Lin, Y. (1949). The Wisdom of China: an anthology compiled and annotated by Lin Yutang. London: Michael Joseph.

Lin, Y. (1959). From Pagan to Christian. Ohio: World Publishing.

Lin, Y. (1967). The Chinese Theory of Art: Translations from the Masters of Chinese Art. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons.

Lin, Y. (2012). The Little Critic. The Bilingual Essays of Lin Yutang. Compiled and edited by Qian Suoqiao. Jiuzhoupress.

Lin, Y. (2014). The Wisdom of Laotse. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.

Lin Yutang’s Chinese-English Dictionary of Modern Usage (1972). The Chinese University of Hong Kong.

MacIntyre, A. (1977). Epistemological Crises, Dramatic Narrative and the Philosophy of Science. Monist, 60: 4.

MacIntyre, A. (1988). Whose Justice, Whose Justice? Which Rationality? Indiana: Notre Dame.

Molavi, A. (2016). Five Ways the “New Silk Road’ Could Transform the Global Economy. Credit Suisse, 27.11.2015. Retrieved from: https://www.credit-suisse.com/us/en/articles/articles/news-and-expertise/2015/11/en/ fiveways-the-new-silk-road-could-transform-the-global-economy.html (access: 10.11.2020).

Moore, Ch. (ed.) (1967). The Chinese Mind: Essentials of Chinese Philosophy and Culture. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press.

Moore, Ch. (ed.) (1968). The Japanese Mind: Essentials of Japanese Philosophy and Culture. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press.

Nakamura, H. (1964). Ways of Thinking of Eastern Peoples India-China-Tibet-Japan. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

Ni, P. (2015). The Underlying Philosophy and Impact of the New Silk Road World Order. WPF Dialogue of Civilizations, 16 October.

Ni, P. (2016). Cultivation of Humanity through Stretching Liberal Arts Education, co-authored with Jiahong Chen. In M.P. Ford & S. Rowe, From Liberation to Civilization: Seizing an Alternative Education. Process Century Press.

Ni, P. (2018). The Silk Order and Its Likelihood From a Philosophical Perspective. The Institute of Dialogue of Civilizations. Retrieved from: https://doc-research.org/en/silk-order-philosophical-perspective.

Nisbett, R.E. (2003). The Geography Of Thought. How Asians And Westerners Think Differently… And Why. New York, London, Toronto, Sydney, Singapore: The Free Press.

Nobis, A. (2016). Nowy Jedwabny Szlak: nowa globalizacja? The Polish Journal of the Arts and Culture, New Series 4 (2).

Northrop, F.S.C. (1946). The Meeting of East and West. New York.

Nylan, M. (2001). The Five “Confucian” Classics. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Qian, S. (2011). Liberal Cosmopolitan: Lin Yutang and Middling Chinese Modernity. Leiden–Boston: Brill.

Qian, S. (ed.) (2015). The Cross-Cultural Legacy of Lin Yutang: Critical Perspectives. Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California.

Ricci, R.J. (2013). What Make the Man? Towards a Psychobiographical Study of Lin Yutang. PhD Thesis. School of Social Science/Centre for Asian Studies University of Adelaide.

Shaner, D.E. (1986). Interpreting across Boundaries: A Conference of the Society for Asian and Comparative Philosophy. Philosophy East and West, vol. 36, no. 2, April.

So, R.J. (2010). Collaboration And Translation: Lin Yutang and the Archive of Asian American Literature. Modern Fiction Studies, vol. 56, no. 1, Theorizing Asian American Fiction Special Issue (Spring).

Van Norden, B. (2017). Taking Back Philosophy: A Multicultural Manifesto. Foreword written by J.L. Garfield. New York: Columbia University Press.

Wal-dal Yang, (1982). Korean Ways, Korean Mind. Tamu Dang.

Williams, R.J. (2010). The Téchnē Whim: Lin Yutang and the Invention of the Chinese Typewriter. American Literature, 82(2).

Wójcik, A.I. (2010). Filozoficzne podstawy sztuki kręgu konfucjańskiego. Źródła klasyczne okresu przedhanowskiego. Kraków: Wydawnictwo UJ.

Yangyang, L. (2018). Translating China to the Atlantic West: Self, other, and Lin Yutang’s resistance. Atlantic Studies, 15:3.

Zepp-La Rouche, H. (2015). The New Silk Road Leads to the Future of Mankind! In the New Silk Road Becomes the World Land Bridge, Executive Intelligence Review, April 10.

Zhao, M. (2015a). China’s New Silk Road Initiative. Istituto Affari Internazionali Working Papers, 15, 1–12.

Zheng, Y. (2015b). The “One Belt, One Road” Strategy Helps the World Economy Rebalance. Lianhe Zaobao – Oriental Morning Post, 8 January.

Opublikowane
2021-12-30
Jak cytować
[1]
Filipczuk, M. 2021. Przedstawianie chińskiej filozofii zachodnim czytelnikom – Lin Yutang jako tłumacz międzykulturowy. Perspektywy Kultury. 35, 4 (grudz. 2021), 87-104. DOI:https://doi.org/10.35765/pk.2021.3504.06.
Dział
Podróż orientalna