The Child in the Perspective of Janusz Korczak's Pedagogical Anthropology Some Reflections in the Context of Early Childhood Education
Abstract
The following article organises the problem of the search for an understanding of one of the fundamental concepts for contemporary pedagogy. The question of understanding the notion "child" in contemporary pedagogical discourse directs the author's analyses towards the approach of pedagogical anthropology. The multiplicity of theoretical and methodological positions within the framework of research conducted on childhood nowadays creates a peculiar area of study combining the achievements of many disciplines of science. Among their positions, knowledge about the child is sought from multiple research perspectives. The analysis of who the child is becomes fundamental when we realise that pedagogical theories and systems, as well as specific methodological approaches and didactics of early childhood education are founded on this notion. This concept builds specific approaches to the child and childhood, and changes in its meanings are responsible for paradigmatic shifts in parenting and didactics. The author attempts to define and outline the category of the child against the background of human anthropology, in order to arrive at Korczak's concept of the child and childhood and to show its implications for early childhood education. The concept of the child read from the works of Janusz Korczak carves out new interpretative and methodological spaces. In methodological terms, the article is a communication from qualitative pedagogical research.
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