Introduction
Abstract
One of the most important goals of modern education is to develop the dispositions and skills necessary for life-long independent learning. As pointed out by the European Council (2018), though learning by heart, memorizing facts or concepts is still an important skill, it is not sufficient to survive and thrive in modern knowledge-based societies. Much more crucial become these abilities which serve as tools for solving complex, interdisciplinary problems, such as: critical and creative thinking, formulating problems, predicting, drawing conclusions, computational thinking, planning and evaluating one’s own learning, generating new ideas or sharing/discussing knowledge with others.
References
Katz L.G. (2010). STEM in early years. SEED papers, https://ecrp.illinois.edu/beyond/seed/katz.html (accessed: 22.07.2021).
Marton F., Saljo R. (1997). Approaches to learning, [in:] F. Marton, D. Hounsell, N. Entwistle (eds.), The experience of learning, Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press, pp. 39–58.
Simoncini K., Lasen M. (2018). Ideas about STEM among Australian early childhood professionals: How important is STEM in early childhood education?, “International Journal of Early Childhood”, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 353–369. DOI: 10.1007/s13158-018-0229-5.
Warburton K. (2003). Deep learning and education for sustainability, “International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education”, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 44–56. DOI: 10.1108/14676370310455332.
Copyright (c) 2021 Elementary Education in Theory and Practice
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
- When submitting a text, the author declares that he/she is the Author of the article (hereinafter referred to as the “Work”) and:
- he/she owns the exclusive and unlimited copyright to the Work,
- is entitled to dispose of the copyright to the Work.
Declares that it does not infringe any third party copyrights or legal rights.
Declares that there is no conflict of interest.
2. At the same time, the Author grants the Ignatianum University in Cracowa royalty-free, non-exclusive and territorially unlimited licence to use the Work in the following fields of exploitation:
- recording the Work in a hard copy, as well as on a digital or magnetic medium;
- reproduction of the Work using any technique, without limitation of the number of editions or copies;
- distribution of the Work and its copies on any medium, including marketing, sale, lending, and rental;
- introduction of the Work into a computer memory;
- disseminating the Work in information networks, including in the Internet;
- public performance, exhibition, display, reproduction, broadcasting and re-broadcasting, as well as making the Work available to the public in such a way that everyone can have access to it at a time and place of their own choosing;
- within the scope of dependent rights to the Work, including in particular the right to make necessary changes to the Work resulting from editorial and methodical development, as well as to translate the Work into foreign languages;
The licence is granted from the moment of the transfer of the Work to the Ignatianum University in Cracow. The Ignatianum University in Cracow is entitled to grant further sub-licences to the Work within the scope of the right granted. The licence is time-limited and it is granted for a period of 15 years, starting from the date of its granting.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to publish their text online (e.g. in their institution’s repository or on the institution’s website) before or during the submission process as this may lead to beneficial exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published text (See The Effect of Open Access). We recommend using any of the following portals of research associations:
- ResearchGate
- SSRN
- Academia.edu
- Selected Works
- Academic Search